According to information theorist Richard Saul Wurman, everything in the world can only be organized in these five ways. This is the ultimate "Meta-System".
Organizing by geography or spatial relation.
Maps, Body Anatomy, Solar SystemOrganizing by arbitrary symbol sequence.
Dictionaries, Contact Lists, IndicesOrganizing by chronology or sequence.
History Timelines, Schedules, InstructionsOrganizing by similarity or type.
Department Stores, Animal Species, GenresOrganizing by magnitude or value (Big to Small).
Military Ranks, File Sizes, Best-Seller ListsThis model describes how raw signals are transformed into actionable understanding. It is a hierarchy of value.
Example: Data is 38°C. Information is knowing that is a high fever. Knowledge is taking medicine to lower it. Wisdom is resting to prevent it from happening again.
A Nested Hierarchy used in biology. Each level acts as a container for the levels below it.
A Sequential Hierarchy of cognitive skills. You cannot effectively "Create" until you "Remember".
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